For example,
the position and momentum of a moving particle are inter dependent and thus conjugated properties also.
Illustration :-
It's known that for every physical measurements, there must be an interaction between an object and the measuring device.
For instance, the position of an object in our field of vision is ascertained when the light reflected from the objects enters our eye.
This involves at least two interactions ie.., one is the impact and the scattering of a photon of light at the object and the other is adsorption of reflected photon in the retina of eye which produces sensation of sight.
If the object is of sufficient size, it's position and velocity will not be changed by the energy of the photon of light which falls on it.
Hence in this way, the position and the velocity of the object at the same time can be easily ascertained.
Let us consider the problem to locate the position of electron.
The general principle of optics tell us that we can't resolve or, locate the electron much more accurately than ±λ, the wavelength of the light used.
Since an electron is a tiny particle, λ choosen is smaller possible.
When the collision with the photons of these radiation takes place large amount of energy is transferred to the moving electron.
This will change the momentum of electron by a large amount.
ie.., ∆p will be uncertain
Where,
∆p is the change in momentum.
To make p certain, we have to choose electromagnetic radiation of visible region or of higher wavelength.
But in this case, the collision doesn't take place and so the position of the particle becomes uncertain.
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